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cleofg–sfo{qmd

dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfhåf/f ^!cf}+ cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/ lbj;sf ;Gbe{df 3f]lift cleofgsf nflu …/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLrsf] ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t dfgj clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÚ ljifos cjwf/0ffkq dfly lhNnf zfvfx?n] jx; k|f/+e u/]sf 5g\ . s]Gb|df ;f] sfo{qmd l8;]Da/ !) -d+;L/, @)^^_ df ;+kGg ePsf] lyof] .

l8;]Dj/ !) -d+;L/ @%, @)^^_ sf lbg dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh s]Gb|Lo sfo{;ldltåf/f æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gof“ ;+ljwfgÆ ljifos cjwf/0ff kq ;fj{hlgs ub}{ ljrf/ uf]i7L ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly jQmf ;+ljwfg;ef ;+j}wflgs ;ldltsf ;efklt gLnfDa/ cfrfo{n] bnsf k|d'v g]tfx? ;+ljwfg agfpg pkl:yt x'g] / ;+jfb ug]{ sfd gu/]sf sf/0f sl7gfO{ kl//x]sf] ljrf/ JoQm ug'{eof] . csf{ jQmf dfn] dxf;lrj Pj+ ;+ljwfg;ef ;b:o ;L=kL= d}gfnLn] ;a}sf clwsf/ ;dfj]z gu/L ;+ljwfg aGg g;Sg] atfpg' eof] eg] sfo{qmddf dfcf]jfbL g]tf Pj+ ;+ljwfg;ef ;b:o hgfb{g zdf{, ;+ljwfg;ef df}lns xs ;ldltsf ;efklt Pdfn] g]tf ljGbf kf08], g]kfnL sf+u|];sf g]tf tyf ;+ljwfg;ef ;b:o gjLGb|/fh hf]zL tyf /fk|kf g]tf Pj+ ;+;bLo bnsf k|d'v ;r]ts k|ltef /f0ffn] ;d]t dGtJo JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

s]Gb|Lo ;efklt k'?iff]Qd bfxfnsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ;f] sfo{qmddf pk;efklt xf]dsfGt rf}nfufO{+n] cjwf/0ff kq k|:t't, dxf;lrj u+ufw/ clwsf/Ln] :jfut dGtJo k|s6 ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmd ;~rfng dfgj clwsf/ lzIFf ;+of]hs Pj+ sf7df8f}+ zfvf ;efklt dx]z cfrfo{n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . cjwf/0ff kqdfly g]kfn k|fWofks ;+3sf dxf;lrj /fd]Zj/ pkfWofo, PDg]i6L OG6/g]zgn g]kfnsf ;Nnfxsf/ nf]s]z 9sfn, P=cfO= g]kfnsf lgb]{zs /fd]Zj/ g]kfn tyf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf ;lrj /fdhL bfxfnn] l6Kk0fL ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

…/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efjM cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gof“ ;+ljwfgÚ

-^!cf+} cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/ lbj;sf ;Gbe{df cfufdL cleofgsf nflu dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfhåf/f hf/L cjwf/0ffkq_

k[i7e"ld

cgj/t ;+3if{, xhf/f} ;k"tx?sf] pT;u{ / cg]s /fhgLlts cf/f]x–cj/f]x kZrft\ g]kfn ;+3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGqnfO{ ;+:yfut ug{] qmddf h'6]sf] 5 . t/ kl/jt{g kl5sf] ;+qmd0fnfO{ pko'Qm 9+un] Joj:yfkg ug{ g;Sbf– …;+3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGqÚ sf] cfwf/ gof“ ;+ljwfg ;do;Ldf -!$ h]7 @)^&_ leq} lgdf{0f x'g] s'/fdf ;Gb]x x'gyfn]sf] 5 . oxL ;Gb]xsf] kmfObf lnb} –…blIf0fkGyL cltjfb / jfdkGyL pu|jfbÚn] cfkm\gf] km+0ff lkmhfpg vf]lh/x]sf] 5 . blIf0fkGyL cltjfb;+u – k/Dk/fut ;Qfsf ;dy{sx?, pu| hftLjfbL, If]qLotfjfbL, wfld{s / ;}GojfbL ;f]r uf]na4 x'b} uPsf] 5 eg] csf{lt/ jfdkGyL pu|jfb;+u –/fhgLlts cltjfb, å]ifk"0f{ hftLo –If]qLo cltjfb / ;}GojfbL ;f]r uf]na4 x'b} uPsf] 5 . oL b'j} cltjfbL ;f]r cfdg]–;fdg] x'g] ;+efjgf a9\b} uPsf] cj:yfdf eljiodf oxL ;+efjgf csf{] åGb / lx+;fsf] sf/0f x'g;Sg] vt/f pTkGg x'g] b]lvG5 . clxn] ;+;bdf ;QfkIf / ljkIfsf aLrdf pTkGg s]xL k|fljlws /fhgLlts ljifosf cfwf/df ;+ljwfg agfpg] af6f]df cj/f]w k'¥ofpg] p2]Zo cg'?k g} c;xdltx? a9\b} uPsf b]lvG5g\ . olx c;xdlts} sf/0f –)^# d+;L/ % ut]sf] j[xb\ zflGt ;Demf}tf / To; cl3kl5 ePsf cg]s ;xdltx? sfof{Gjogdf gcfpb} lgik|efjL x'g k'u]sf 5g\ eg] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] ljifo /fhgLlts ?kn] k|fylds x'g'sf] ;f6f] …;QfÚnfO{ dfq} clei7f agfpg yfn]kl5 ;do ;Ldfleq ;+ljwfg aGg ;Sg] ;+efjgf emg\ 6f9f x'b} uPsf]5 . /fHosf] k'g;+{/rgfsf ;Gbe{df ;+3LotfnfO{ ;a}n] /fli6«o Pstfsf] cfwf/ agfpg'sf] ;f6f] hftLo snxsf] dfWod agfpg] Jo"x /rgf x'b}5 . h;af6 ;d''bfoaLr ;b\efj, ;+aGw / ;lxi0f'tfsf] ljifo sDhf]/ x'b} uPsf] 5 . o; cj:yfdf clx+;f, zflGt, ;b\efj / ;lxi0f'tfsf ;fy :jo+;]jL?kn] nf]stGq / dfgj clwsf/sf lglDt lqmofzLn Pj+ nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] k|d'v cleoGtf dWo] Ps dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfhn] –cfwf/e"t clwsf/ ;lxt ;do;Ldf leq gof“ ;+ljwfg hf/L ug{ /fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj x'g' h?/L 5 eGg] dfGotfsf ;fy of] cjwf/0ff kq ;fj{hlgs jx;sf nflu k|:t't u/]sf] 5 .

/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLrsf] ;b\efj s;/L < /fhLlts ;xdlt vnanfpg] / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj ljufg{] tTjx?sf] klxrfg ug{ ;Sof] eg]dfq ;xdlt / ;b\efjsf ;"qx? kQf nufpg ;lsg] x'G5 . )^@ d+;L/ & ut] hf/L dfcf]jfbL / ;ft bnaLrsf] ;dembf/L, j[xb\ zflGt ;Demf}tf-@)^# d+;L/ % ut]_ / cGtl/d ;+ljwfg -)^# df3 ! df hf/L_nfO{ dfcf]jfbL / c? bnx?n] lj:jf;sf cfwf/df geP/ afWotf Pj+ /0fgLlts rft'o{sf cfwf/df dfq lnPsf sbdx? x'g\ ls eGg] cfz+sf k}bf ePsf]] 5 . To;}sf/0f ;xdlt / ;+emf}tf cg'?k dfcf]jfbL / c? bnx? ;+u} lx8\g'sf] ;f6f] Ps–csf{nfO{ lj:yflkt u/fO{ cf–cfkm\gf /0fgLlts nIox? vf]Hg] sfd e}/x]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;+ljwfg ;ef lgjf{rgdf k|fKt :yfg / lzlj/df /x]sf n8fs' / jflx/} /flvPsf] c4{ ;}lgs b:tfsf sf/0f l;+uf] b]z cfkm\g} ;dy{g / sAhfdf /x]sf] e|d 5 eg] c?bnx?df dfcf]jfbLn] ;fRr}g} ;dfKt kfg{ ;S5 eGg] eo ljBdfg 5 . oxL e|d, eo / clj:jf; s} sf/0f …;+ljwfg lgdf{0fÚ sf] ;f6f] …;Qf / ;/sf/Ú sAhf ug{] jf …l6Sg]Ú s'/fdf bnx?sf] Hofbf phf{ vkt eO/x]sf] 5 . k|wfg ;]gfklt k|s/0f-@)^^ j}zfv_ o;}sf] Pp6f k|of]u xf] M h;df ;/sf/ / /fi6«klt b'j}n] ;+ljwfg / sfg"g eGbf k/lt/ uP/ /fhgLlts lg0f{o u/]sf lyP . oxL …/fhgLlts lg0f{oÚ sf] j[Q jl/kl/ /x]/ lxhf]sf zflGt ;+emf}tf / ;xdltx? b]lv ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg / o;sf nIonfO{ lgikmn t'Nofpg] / gof“ åGb / ljjfbx? l;h{gf ug{] k|of; eO/x]sf] 5 . eflifs, n}l¨s, ;f+:s[lts, wfld{s, hftLo, juL{o, If]qLo tyf ef}uf]lns, ;fdflhs / cfly{s ?kn] ;LdfGtLs[tx?sf] clwsf/nfO{ :yflkt ug{'kg{] kl/jt{gsf] dfu xf] . t/ oL If]qdf ljBdfg c;dfgtfx?nfO{ pu| hftLo, wfld{s / If]qLo 3[0ffsf ?kdf cg'jfb ub{} ;d'bfoaLrsf] ;b\efj ljyf]Ng] / snx k}bf ug{] k|of; /fhgLlts ;f]r / c;xdlts} sf/0faf6 eO/x]sf] 5 . t;y{ cfhsf] klxnf] ljifo …/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efjÚ clgjfo{ x'gk'u]sf] 5 .

/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efjsf nflu s]xL cfwf/x? M

!_ ;a} ;d:ofx?sf] lgsf; ;8saf6 geP/ ;+;b÷;+ljwfg;efaf6 g} vf]Hg''kg{] / ;+;b s'g}kIfaf6 klg ca?4 gug{] k|lta4tfsf ;fy ljBdfg ;a} /fhgLlts ljjfbx?nfO{ klg ;+;baf6g} 6+'Uofpg] kxn ug{'kb{5 .

@_ Joj:yflksf ;+;bleqsf kl/jt{gsf/L h'g;'s} bnn] g]t[Tj u/] klg ;j{bnLo ;xdltsf] ;/sf/ u7g .

#_ ljutsf sltko /fhg}lts clk|o 36gfx? / uNtLx?nfO{ kf7sf ?kdf cg'ej ub{} / cfkm\gf c8fg cg'?k cf}krfl/s ?kdf g} lnlka4 ub{} cfufdL lbgdf ;'wf/ ug{] / gbf]xf]¥ofpg] k|lta4tf .

$_ ;+;bdf /x]sf ;a}bnsf k|d'vx? Ps} 7f“pdf a;]/ ljdltx? dfly 5nkmn u/L nf]stflGqs ljlwåf/f lg0f{o ug{] k|lqmof .

%_ ljutsf !@a"“b] otfsf ;xdltx? vf;u/L j[xb\ zflGt ;+emf}tf / cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] cIf/ / dd{ cg'?k cfd gful/snfO{ cf:j:t kfg{ 7f]; sfd k|f/+e ug{] / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmofdf cj/f]w k'Ug]u/L aGb, x8\tfn h:tf sfo{qmd s'g}klg /fhgLlts bnx?n] gug{] / c?nfO{ klg To;f] ug{ b'?T;flxt gug{] .

^_ dfgj clwsf/sf ;fj{ef}d l;4fGtx?k|lt k"0f{ lgi7f / lj:jf; JoQm ub{] tbg'?k Jojxf/ ug{] .

&_ s'g} ljifodf ;d:ofx? p7]]df ljifosf] u+feLo{tfsf cfwf/df …ljz]if1Úx?sf] ;d"xdfkm{t ;'Nem\ofpg k|of; ug{] .

*_ hftLo, If]qLo, n}l¨s, eflifs ;LdfGtLs[tx?sf clwsf/ k|lt:yfkg ug{ 3[0ff, å]if / k|ltzf]wsf] efiff / Jojxf/ b]vfpg'sf] ;f6f] dfgj clwsf/sf ;j{JofkL l;4fGtsf cfwf/df ;b\efj / d}qLk"0f{ cleofg ;+rfng ug{], o:tf cleofg ;+rfng ubf{ cfkm\gf] /fhgLlts kx"“r / :jfy{df dfq s]Gb|Lt x'g gx'g] .

(_ /fhgLlts If]qn] ;fd"lxs ?kdf ;d'bfosf aLr ;b\efjsf] cleofg;+rfng ug{], cfd;+rf/ tyf cGo ;fdflhs ;+:yfx?n] klg ;b\efjsf nflu ;"rgf k|jfx / sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng ug{] .

!)_Pp6f a[Ifsf cg]s xf“ufx? hf]l8P h:t} ;+3Lotf b]znfO{ …tf]8g xf]Og hf]8gnfO{Ú xf] eg]/ Jojxfl/s?kdf g} :yflkt ug{] k|of;sf ;fy ;+3Lotf ;+aGwL :ki6 vfsfsf] cg'df]bg, tTsfn dfcf]jfbL n8fs' ;dfof]hg, a]kQfx?sf nflu cfof]u / lj:yflktx?sf] 3/lkmtL{ / sAhf hUuf hldg lkmtf{ ug{' /fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efjsf nflu h?/L 5 .

cfwf/e"t dfgj clwsf/x? M

Jojxf/sf cfwf/df plNnlvt k|lta4tfsf ;fy ;do;Ldf leq} cfwf/e"t clwsf/ ;lxtsf] gof“ ;+ljwfg hf/L ug{}kb{5 . olb h]7 !$, @)^& leq ;+ljwfg hf/L ePg eg] ;+ljwfg ;ef lgjf{rg / zflGt k|lqmofsf] cf}lrTo ;dfKt x'g] vt/f pTkGg x'G5 eg] g]kfn @)^@ d+;L/ & ut] k"j{sf] r/0fdf k|j]z ug{] tkm{ pGd'v x'G5 . t;y{ –x/ xfntdf ;do;Ldf leq ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f u/L 3f]if0ff ug{}kb{5 . …;+ljwfgÚ 3f]if0ff dfq eP/ k'Ub}g . cfwf/e"t clwsf/ ;lxtsf] ;+ljwfg x'g'k5{ . sDtLdf klg – :j:y hGd / af“Rg kfpg] clwsf/, :jtGq cleJolQm, /fhgLlts ;+u7g ug{] :jtGqtf, cf:yfsf] :jtGq k|of]u, 5'jf5't, zf]if0f, ln¨ / ju{sf cfwf/df lje]baf6 d'lQm, ;LdfGtLs[t -;fdflhs ?kn] blnt, ef}uf]lns ?kn] ljs6 If]qdf j:g] ;j}] ju{ / hftsf dflg;x?, / cfly{s tyf z}lIfs ?kn] kl5 k/]sf –dlxnf, blnt, dw]zL, cflbjf;L÷hghftL ;lxt ;a} hft / ju{sf_ ;a}sf] clwsf/ / :jfldTjsf] :yfkGff, ckf¨, c;Qm, j[4÷j[4f, jfnjflnsfx?sf] ;'/Iff /fHosf] bfloTjsf ?kdf k|Tofe"lt, ;fdflhs Gofo, >lds, zf]lift / kLl8tx?sf clwsf/ Pj+ /f]huf/Lsf] ;'lglZrttf, :jtGq Gofo k|0ffnL, ljlwsf] zf;g, cfjlws lgjf{rg / :jtGq ;fj{ef}d gful/s ;jf{]Rrtf, /fli6«o ;'/Iff / :jfledfgsf] :yfkgf, t6:y–:j:y k|zf;lgs ;+oGqsf] k|Tofe"lt, k"0f{ / k|ltaGw /lxt k|]; :jtGqtf, >f]tsf] plrt af“8kmf“8, If]qLo ;Gt'ng ;lxt gful/ssf] vfBfGg, :jf:Yo, lzIff, / /f]huf/LnfO{ clwsf/sf ?kdf ;'lglZrt ug{] k|lta4tf ;+ljwfgdf x'g'kb{5 . ;fy} dfgj clwsf/sf cGt/f{li6«o ;+oGqx?sf] kfngfnfO{ ;+ljwfgdf g} ;'lGlZrt ul/g' kb{5 . t;y{ dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh log} ljifosf cfwf/df nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] ;+:yfut ljsf; ug{, ;+3Lotfsf] ljifonfO{ /fli6«o Pstfsf] cfwf/ agfpg, /fi6« / hgtfsf] :jfledfg / ljsf; ug{'kb{5 eGg] dfGotfsf ;fy /fhgLlts ;xdlt, ;d'bfoaLrsf] ;b\efj sfod ub{} cfwf/e"t clwsf/ ;lxtsf] ;+ljwfg ;do;Ldf leq} hf/L ug{ ;Dk"0f{ /fhgLlts bnx?;+u cfu|x ub{5 / tbg'?k ;sf/fTds jftfj/0f l;h{gf u/fpg ;a}sf] of]ubfg /xg'k5{ eGg]df lj:jf; JoQm ub{5 .!) l8;]Da/ @))( -@)^^ d+;L/ @% ut]_

cjwf/0ff kqdfly zfvfx?åf/f cleofg

wg'iff M nf]stGq lbj;sf] cj;/df dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfhåf/f cfof]lht ljrf/ uf]i7L df jQmfx?n] ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f x'g'kg]{] ljrf/ JoQm u/]sf 5g\ .

@)^& j}zfv !! ut] dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh wg'iff zfvfåf/f cfof]lht ;f] ljrf/ uf]i7Ldf jl/i7 kqsf/ Pj+ k]|; :jtGqtf ;]gfgL /fh]Zj/ g]kfnLn] bnx?n] hgtfaf6 lnPsf] Dof08]6 cg';f/ ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug{af6 klG5g' g} k+rfotL ;+:sf/sf] uGw xf] eGg'eof] . pxfFn] d'n'sdf ;Qf kl/jt{g eof] t/ ;/sf/ kl/jt{g x'g g;s]sf]nfO{ x6fpg' k5{ eGg'eof] .

dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh wg'iffsf ;+:yfks cWoIf z/brGb| k|;fbsf] k|d'v cfltYodf cfof]lht ljrf/ uf]i7Ldf PsLs[t dfcf]jfbLsf OGrfh{ /f]zg hgsk'/Ln] ljgf ;xdltsf] cfwf/df xhf/ jif{ a9fP klg ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f gx'g] ePsf] x'gfn] ;doleqd} ;+ljwfg cfpg'kg]{ eGg'eof] .

df]8]n SofDk;df cfof]lht uf]i7Ldf Pdfn]sf sfof{no ;lrjn] ;'v ;'ljwf ef]Ug]x? ;dodf ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug{ klG5g vf]h]sf] cf/f]k nufpFb} To:sf] lj?4df /fhgLlts bnx? ;d]t pqg' kg]{ cfjZostf /x]sf] eGg'eof] .

To;}u/L g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf s]Gb|Lo kfif{b\ lji0f'dl0f vgfn, g]kfnl:yt ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3Lo dfgj clwsf/ pRr cfof]u If]qLo sfof{nosf df]bgf/fo0f emf, ;dfh;]jL /fdx[bo k|;fb, df]8]n SofDk;sf ;+:yfks k|f=jL/]Gb| ;fx, ;fKtflxs kflIfs ;+hfnsf cWoIf ch'{g If]qL nufotsf jQmfn] ;do;Ldfleq} ;+ljwfg agfpg'kg{] s'/fdf hf]8\ lbg'eof] .

sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj ub{{} zflGt ;dfh wg'iff ;efklt sdn ;fxn] h'g;'s} xfntdf ;do;Ldfleq ;+ljwfg agfpg' kg{] ts{ /fVb} o;sf] nflu dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh b]zJofkL?kdf cleofg rnfpFb} cfPsf] hfgsf/L u/fpg'eof] . zflGt ;dfh lhNnf zfvf wg'iffsf ;lrj c/ljGb ofbjn] :jfut dGtJo /fVg'ePsf] pQm sfo{qmd ;+rfng s?0ff kf}8]nn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

sflnsf]6 M @)^^ r}q @$ ut]sf lbg dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh sflnsf]6 zfvfn] æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆ ljifos Ps lbg] ljrf/ uf]i7L sfo{qmd ;+kGg u¥of] . pQm sfo{qmdsf] k|d'v cfltYotf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L b'uf{bQ 9sfnn] ug{'ePsf] lyof] eg] /fhgLlts bnsf tk{maf6 g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;lrj xif{jxfb'/ jd, g]skf Pdfn]sf lhNnf pkfWoIf gu]Gb|axfb'/ zfxL, /f=h=df]=sf k|ltlglw dLgjxfb'/ zfxL, hgzlQm kf6L{sf k|ltlglw wL/]Gb|axfb'/ zfxL, g]=d=ls=kf= lhNnfsf k"j{ cWoIf tyf xfn s]= ;= gGbaxfb'/ zfxL, g]kfn t?0f bnsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o gf/fo0f e§/fO{ tyf gful/s ;dfhsf cdn/fh zfxL, lhNnf GofofwLjQmf s0f{axfb'/ dxt, dlxnf ljsf; sfof{nosf k|ltlglw ;+emgf clwsf/L, nf]stflGqs u}=;=;= dxf;+3sf cWoIf ljZj jf]u6L, :yfgLo zflGt ;ldltsf ;+of]hs b'uf{axfb'/ zfxL, lel8;]kmsf cWoIf ldgaxfb'/ af]u6L nufotn] cf–cfˆgf] dGtJo JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng zfvf ;b:oåo dx]z e§/fO{ tyf l/kf]l6{ª kxnl;x jdn] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] eg] sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj tyf cjwf/0ffkq k|:t'tL zfvf ;efklt bdg/fh jdn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

df]/ª M@)^^ r}q @) ut] dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh df]/ª zfvfn] ;dodf g} ;+ljwfg hf/L ug'{kg]{ dfu ub}{ z'qmaf/ lj/f6gu/df cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd u/]sf] 5 .sfo{qmddf clwjQmf dLgf ;]8fO{n] k|d'v bnx¿n] h]7 !$ df g} ;+ljwfg hf/L ug]{ k|lta4tf hgfP klg clxn];Dd …/fHo k'g;{+/rgf cfof]uÚ aGg g;s]sf]n] z+sf ug]{ k|z:t 7fpF /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . g]kfn lzIfs o'lgogsf s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIf l8NnL kf]v/]nn] gful/s va/bf/Ln] dfq gofF ;+ljwfg aGg ;Sg] atfpFb} ;a} bn / g]tfsf] ;xdlt / ;dembf/L x'g] xf] eg] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug{ cem} k|z:t ;do ePsf] atfpg'eof] . cGt/lqmofdf g]kfn af/ P;f]l;P;gsf s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIf p4jrGb| l3ld/]n]n] ;+ljwfg aGg] s'/fdf cfzfjfbL x'g] 7fpF cem} ePsf] atfpg'eof] . ;f] cj;/df clwjQmf lago/fh kf08], l8NnL bfxfn, OlGb/f k|;fO{, l8s l3ld/]nufotn] af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmd ;dfhsf df]/ª zfvf ;efklt e/t yfkfsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] lyof] .

;f] cj;/df ;dfhaf6 k|:t't …/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj, cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÚ cjwf/0ffkq dfly 5nkmn klg ul/Psf] lyof] .

dxf]Q/L M @)^^ r}q !# ut] dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh dxf]Q/L zfvfsf] cfof]hgfdf æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆ ljifos cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd zfvf ;efklt >L /fhlszf]/ emfsf] ;efkltTj Pj gful/s ;dfhsf cu'jf >L /fd/tg k|;fb …/d0fÚsf] k|d'v cfltYodf eof] . ;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s[i0frGb| rf}w/Ln] pQm sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

sfo{qmddf ;dfhsf dxf]Q/L zfvfsf k"j{ ;efklt >L bLk's'df/ ;fxn] :jfut dGtJosf] ;fy} cjwf/0ff kq k|:t't ug{'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf dw]zL hg clwsf/ kmf]/d nf]stflGqssf pkfWoIf s]bf/gfy kf7s, Pg]skf dfcf]jfbLsf ;To]Gb| ofbj, tdnf]kfsf /fhlszf]/ d+8n, g]kfn ;befjgf kf6L{ cfgGbLb]jLsf /fh]Zj/ 7fs'/, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf pkfWoIf /fs]z rf}w/L, uf]/vfkq ;+jfbbftf gfu]Gb| s'df/ s0f{ nufotn] /fhgLlts bnx? ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf nflu ;+j]bgzLn gePsf]n] gful/s x? cfkm}n] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf nflu bjfj d"ns sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{'kg{] cfj:ostfdf hf]8 lbP .

;nf{xL M @)^^÷!!÷@% df ;nf{xLsf] dn+ujfdf /fhgLltsdL{ / :yfgLo a'l4hLjLx?sf] pkl:yltdf dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh ;nf{xL zfvfn] æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆ sfo{qmd ;DkGg u¥of] . sfo{qmddf k|d'v jQmfsf ?kdf zflGt ;dfhsf ;efklt k'?iff]Qd bfxfnn] ;d'bfoaLrsf] ;b\efj vNaNofpg] s[Ton] ;dfh ?kfGt/0f x'g g;Sg] ljrf/ JoQm ug'{eof] . rf/f]6f d}gjQL k|Hjng u/L cf/+e ;f] sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj zfvf ;efklt h'un ;fxn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] :jfut dGtJo ;'jf; s0f{n] lbg'ePsf] lyof] . cjwf/0ffkq k|:t't ub}{ ;dfhsf dxf;lrj u+ufw/ clwsf/Ln] cleofgsf] p2]Zodfly k|sfz kfg'{ePsf] lyof] .

sfo{qmddf k"j{ ;f+;b nId0f /fo, s[i0ffdtL df=lj=sf k"j{ k|wfgfWofks dx]Gb|k|;fb s0f{, g]qHof]lt ;+3sf cWoIf /fdaxfb'/ cdfTo, g]kfn lzIfs ;+3sf cWoIf sf}znlszf]/ ofbj, g]kfn jf/ P;f]l;Pzgsf cWoIf afns[i0fnfn s0f{, g]kfn k|]; o'lgogsf cWoIf ljgf]b emf, lzIfs o'lgogsf pkfWoIf /fdlgjf; ;fx, s[i0ffdtL df=lj=sf k|wfgfWofks uf]ljGbnfn s0f{, hok|sfz dlNns, s[i0fb]j ;fx, g]kfnL sf+u|];sf g]tfx? gjLg clwsf/L / /fdr/0f ;fx Pj+ dw];L hgclwsf/ kmf]/dsf pkfWoIf jL/]Gb| /fon] /fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj ckl/xfo{ ePsf] ljrf/ k|s6 ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

af/f M æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆ ljifodf dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh af/f zfvfsf] cfof]hgfdf @)^^÷!!÷@$ ut] 5nkmn sfo{qmd ;DkGg eof] . zflGt ;dfh af/fsf ;efklt xl/k|;fb yklnofsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ;f] sfo{qmddf /fhdl0f a/fnåf/f :jfut tyf ;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo dxf;lrj u+ufw/ clwsf/Ln] dGtJo ;lxt cjwf/0ffkq k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf k|d'v jQmf zflGt ;dfhsf ;efklt k'?iff]Qd bfxfnn] ;+3Lotfsf] ljifo hft;Fu hf]l8Psf sf/0f To;df wd{sf] ;d]t jx; ylkPsf] x'gfn] l:ylt c;xh x'Fb} uPsf] rrf{ ug'{eof] . sfo{qmddf pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 l;d/fsf cWoIf lzjk|;fb kf}8]n, a'l4hLjL uf]kfn vltj8f, PDg]i6Lsf k"j{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o 6Lsf kf}8]n, g]kfnL hg;Dks{ ;ldlt ef/tsf k"j{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o lzj jfUn], l;d/f sn]hsf pkk|fWofks s[i0fk|;fb kf}8]n / /fds[i0f zdf{, /fw]Zofd lzjfsf]6L g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 af/fsf ;efklt u'?k|;fb uf}td, cflbjf;L hghftL dxf;+3 af/fsf cWoIf ?knfn rf}w/L, 6]«8 o'lgog dxf;+3sf s]Gb|Lo ;lrj cfgGb yfdL, c=g]=d=;+3 lhNnf cWoIf ;Ltf u'?ª, ;b\efjgf kf6L{sf u0f]zk|;fb ;fx, g]skf Pdfn]sf s[i0fk|;fb vgfn, g]kfnL sf+u||];sL ldgf nfdf, Pg]skf dfcf]jfbLsf k|]d a/fn / g]dlskfsL pkfWoIf /~h'b]jL ;fxn] ;d;fdlos /fhgLlts kl/l:yltsf] ljZn]if0f ub}{ ;do;Ldfleq cfwf/e"t clwsf/ ;lxtsf] ;+ljwfg aGg'kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8\ lbg'ePsf] lyof] . ;f] lbg cGt/f{li6«o gf/L lbj; k/]sf] lyof] / jQmfx?n] gf/L clwsf/ / hfu/0fsf ljifodf ;d]t ljrf/ k|s6 ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

k;f{ M ljleGg k];f, ;d'bfo / /fhgLlts JolQmTjx?sf] ;xeflutfdf dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh k;f{ zfvfsf] cfof]hgfdf æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆ sfo{qmd @)^^÷!!÷@# ut] lbpF;f] ;DkGg eof] . zfvf ;efklt dgf]h pkfWofosf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ;f] sfo{qmdsf] rf/f]6f d}gjQL k|Hjng u/L s]Gb|Lo ;efklt k'?iff]Qd bfxfnn] z'ef/De ug'{ePsf] lyof] . zflGt ;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo cGt;{+:yf ;+of]hs /fd]Zj/ ;]9fO{+n] sfo{qmddf :jfut dGtJo lbg'ePsf] lyof] eg] cleofgsf] p2]Zosf] JofVof ;lxt s]Gb|Lo dxf;lrj u+ufw/ clwsf/Ln] cjwf/0ff kq k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . cjwf/0ffkqdfly pkk|fWofks /fds[i0f zdf{ kf}8]n, k|f=8f=s'nfgGbbf;, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o dx]Zfbf;, jL/u~h pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf cf]dk|sfz l;sl/of, h]l;;sf k"j{ /fli6«o cWoIf 8f=bLks zfSo, zflGt ;dfh af/fsf ;efklt xl/ yklnof, g]6«]o" :jtGqsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o /fdgf/fo0f s'dL{, g]skf Pdfn]sf g]tf 8f=ljZjDe/ zdf{ Pg]skf dfcf]jfbLsf g]tf /fhb]j kf;jfg, g]kfnL sf+u|];sf lhNnf ;lrj afa'nfn s'dfnn] ;do;Ldfleq ;+ljwfg agfpg hlt s7Lg 5, Toltg} ;j{dfGo u/fP/ nfu" ug{ r'gf}tLk"0f{ /x]sf] ljrf/ k|s6 ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;efklt bfxfnn] ;+ljwfg agfpg hlt l9nf] x'G5 Toltg} gofF ;d:ofx? P]h]? h:tf] eP/ knfpg] / ylkg;Sg] vt/f /x]sf]df ;r]t /xg cfu|x ug'{eof] .

dsjfgk'/ M dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh dsjfgk'/ zfvfsf] cfof]hgfdf @)^^÷!!÷@# ut] laxfg æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆ ljifos 5nkmn sfo{qmd ;DkGg eof] . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} Pg]skf dfcf]jfbLsf ;ef;b\ k|Nxfb nfld5fg]n] ;doleq ;+ljwfg aGg ;s]g eg] ;a} ;f+;bx? nlHht x'g'kg]{, o; lglDt bnsf ;a} k|d'v g]tfx? lhDd]bf/ x'g] / s]xL ;f+;bx?n] h]7 !$ df ;+ljwfg gag] /fhLgfdf lbg] atfpg' eof] .

zfvf ;efklt /fhg d}gfnLsf] ;efkltTjdf ePsf] ;f] sfo{qmddf pk;efklt s]zj sfˆn]n] :jfut / ;lrj v'z/fh -/fhg_ bfxfnn] s]Gb|Lo cjwf/0ffkq k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . cleofgaf/] s]Gb|Lo dxf;lrj u+ufw/ clwsf/Ln] hfgsf/L lbg'ePkl5 g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 dsjfgk'/ ;efklt /fddl0f bfxfn, k|hftflGqs sfg'g Joj;foL ;+3sf cWoIf cd[ts'df/ nfdf, a'l4hLjL /fd;fu/ u'/fufO{+, ;"o{rGb| Gof}kfg], gful/s d~rsf cWoIf lzj sf]O/fnf, jf/ P;f]l;Pzgsf u0f]z bfxfn, zflGt ;dfh s]Gb|Lo tflnd ;+of]hs t]haxfb'/ uf]bf/, /fli6«o hgdf]rf{sf ;lrj sdnrGb| ;'dg, g]kfnL sf+u|];sf lji0f' nfld5fg], Pg]skf dfcf]jfbLsf k|sfz kf}8]n, Pdfn]sf cgGt kf}8]n, k"j{ ;f+;b s[i0fk|;fb bfxfn, g]skf Pdfn] lhNnf cWoIf /fd]Zj/ /fgf, g]kfnL sf+u|];sf lhNnf ;efklt /fdrGb| cof{n -dfOsn_ n] dGtJo k|s6 ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf hft, y/, 3/ eP/ ;dfh ljeflht eO/x]sf], /fhgLlts kf6L{df gful/s kf6L{ / ;}lgs kf6L{sf] cj:yf /x]sf] / ;a}n] k[ys /0fgLlt cjnDag ul//x]sf]df lrGtf k|s6 ul/Psf] lyof] . rf/f]6f d}gjQL k|Hjng u/L sfo{qmddf k|d'v jQmfsf ?kdf af]Nb} s]Gb|Lo ;efklt k'?iff]Qd bfxfnn] lhNnfsf ;a} bnsf sfo{stf{x?n] cf–cfˆgf] g]t[TjnfO{ ;xL lg0f{o ug{ / ;+ljwfg ;doleq} hf/L ug{ bjfj lbg'kg]{ ljrf/ k|s6 ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

uf]/vf M @)^^ kmfu'g !% ut] dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh lhNnf zfvf uf]/vf, ;+ljwfg;ef ;kmntf ;/f]sf/ ;d"x uf]/vf / gj k[YjL o'jf Sna a'+sf]6 uf]/vfsf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf a'+sf]6 uf=lj=;=sf] vfAbL e~HofËdf æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆ ljifos v'nf gful/s ;ef ;+kGg eof] . :yfgLo ;dfh;]jL r]taxfb'/ /fgfsf] ;efkltTj / ;+ljwfg;ef ;kmntf ;/f]sf/ ;d"xsf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf k|f=8f= hLj/fh kf]v/]nsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;+kGg ;f] sfo{qmddf dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o :yfg]Zj/ b'jf8Ln] æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆ zLif{sdf dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfhåf/f tof/ kfl/Psf] cjwf/0ffkq k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;+ljwfg;ef ;kmntf ;/f]sf/ ;d"x s]Gb|Lo sf]iffWoIf 8f=s'nk|;fb sf]O/fnf, k|hftflGqs ljrf/ ;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo pkfWofIf ;'/]z e§, k|hftflGqs ljrf/ ;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o k'0o;fu/ d/x¶f, dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh uf]/vfsf ;efklt ob' clwsf/L, Pdg]i6L OG6/g]zgn dlxnf ;d"x uf]/vfsL ;+of]hs d~h' cof{n, g]=s=kf= Pdfn]sf b|f]0ffrfo{ ltldlN;gf, PsLs[t g]=s=kf= dfcf]jfbLsf u0f]z nD;fn, g]kfnL sf+u|];sf lbnaxfb'/ >]i7, uf]/vfsf ;xfos k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L s[i0fk|;fb e08f/L, k|x/L gfoj pk/LIfs lji0f' s]=;L=, dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh uf]/vfsf pk;efklt Zofd nfld5fg], zxLb :d[lt pRr df=lj=sf k|frfo{ afa'/fd 9sfn, /fd]Zj/L df=lj=sf k|=c= e/t s§]n, lzIfs ;+3sf lzjaxfb'/ yfkf, kqsf/ ls/0f nf]xgL, P 6' h]8 s]jn g]6js{sf leif0f cof{n, gj k[YjL o'jf Snasf cWoIf ls/0fafa' >]i7, dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh uf]/vfsf ;b:ox? kfj{tL c+ufO{, nf]ss'df/L kg]? nufotsf jQmfx?n] ;Daf]wg ug'{ePsf] ;f] sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng zflGt ;dfh uf]/vfsf ;x;lrj ljZjgfy jfUn]n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] sfo{qmdsf ;xefuLx?sf] lh1f;fsf] hjfkm ;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o :yfg]Zj/ b'jf8Ln] lbg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] qmddf dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfhsf ;+:yfks ;ekflt s[i0f kxf8L / ;efklt k'?iff]Qd bfxfnåf/f lnlvt k':ts ædfgj clwsf/ M nf]stGq zflGt / clx+;fsf] cfwf/Æ sf] ljifodf hfgsf/L u/fO{ k':ts laqmL ;d]t ul/Psf] lyof] .

o;}u/L zflGt ;dfh uf]/vf zfvf / Pdg]i6L OG6/g]zgn dlxnf ;d"x uf]/vfsf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf zxLb lbj;sf cj;/df @)^^ df3 !^ df uf]/vfdf æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆ ljifos v'nf ;ef ;+kGg eof] . zflGt ;dfh uf]/vfsf ;efklt ob' clwsf/Lsf] ;efkltTj / uf]/vf lhNnf cbfntsf lhNnf GofofwLz k|ef a:g]tsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;+kGg ;f] sfo{qmddf zflGt ;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o :yfg]Zj/ b'jf8Ln] dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfhåf/f tof/ ul/Psf] cjwf/0ffkq k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt uf]/vfsf] k|fË0fdf ;+kGg ;f] sfo{qmddf uf]/vfsf :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L /fhs'df/ >]i7, PsLs[t g]=s=kf= dfcf]jfbLsf uf]j4{g >]i7, uf]/vf h]l;hsf cWoIf lji0f' /fgf du/, lghfdlt sd{rf/L o'lgog uf]/vfsf cWoIf Clif/fd 9sfn, td' 5f]+h wL+ sf cWoIf hug l;+ td', c+u|]hL efiff lzIfs ;dfh uf]/vfsf cWoIf adaxfb'/ yfkf, Pdg]i6L OG6/g]zgn dlxnf ;d"x uf]/vfsL ;+of]hs d~h' cof{n, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ eb|f lqkf7L, ;Ltf/fd ltjf/L, ;?gf kf]v/]n nufotsf jQmfx?n] dGtJo JoQm ug{'ePsf] ;f] sfo{qmddf zflGt ;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o :yfg]Zj/ b'jf8Ln] ;xefuLx?sf] lh1f;fsf] hjfkm lbg'ePsf] lyof] .

8f]6L M dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfhn] tof/ kf/]sf] cjwf/0ffkq …/fhgLlts ;xdlt, ;d'bfoaLrsf] ;b\efjM cfwf/e"t clwsf/ ;lxt ;do;Ldf leq gofF ;+ljwfgÚ ljifos Ps lbj;Lo sfo{qmd @)^^÷!!÷% ut] ;DkGg eof] . dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfhsf 8f]6L zfvf ;efklt >L xf]dgfy hf]zLsf] ;efkltTjdf tyf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o >L dbgaxfb'/ s'Fj/sf] ljz]if pkl:yltdf ;+rflnt pQm sfo{qmddf ljleGg /fhgLlts bn, ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx?, lzIfs, k|fWofks, a'l4hLjL, gful/s ;dfh Pj+ ljBfyL{x?sf] ;xeflutfdf ;+kGg ePsf] lyof] .

sfo{qmddf ljleGg jQmfx?n] g]kfnsf] &% j6} lhNnfdf dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfhsf] g]t[Tjdf k|To]s lhNnfsf ;ef;bx?nfO{ pkl:yt u/fO{ …/fhgLlts ;xdlt, ;d'bfoaLrsf] ;b\efjM cfwf/e"t clwsf/ ;lxt ;do;Ldf leq gofF ;+ljwfgÚ ljifodf bjfjd"ns sfo{qmd ug{'kg{] ;'emfa lbPsf lyP . /fhgLlts bnx?sf k|ltlglwx?af6 klg bnx?aLr z+sf / pkz+sf k}bf ePsfn] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmof cf]em]ndf k/]sf] s'/f :jLsf/ ub{} ;dodf ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f u/L 3f]if0ff ug{ ;a} /fhgLlts bnx?aLr cfk;L ;xdlt x'g'kg{] s'/fdf hf]8 lbg'eof] .

lrtjg M æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gof“ ;+ljwfgÆ ljifos s]Gb|Lo cleofg cGtu{tsf] sfo{qmd @)^^÷!!÷@ ut] lrtjgdf ;+kGg eof] . k"j{ s]Gb|Lo pk;efklt p4j nf]xgLn] cjwf/0ffkq k|:t'lt, zfvf pk;efklt /fh]Gb| kf}8]nn] :jfut / zfvf ;efklt cgGt 9+'ufgfsf] ;efkltTjdf ;+kGg sfo{qmddf –s]Gb|Lo ;efklt k'?iff]Qd bfxfnn] –lhNnf / ufpFaf6 g} ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf nflu bl/nf] bjfj lbg'kg{] atfpFb} –;+3Lotf, dfcf]jfbL n8fs' ;dfof]hg / k'g:yf{kg tyf /fhgLlts ;d:ofnfO{ ;xL lgisif{df gk'¥ofO{ ;+ljwfg aGg s7Lg kg{] atfpg'eof] .

sfo{qmddf –g]kfnL sf+u|];sf lhNnf ;efklt /fds[i0f l3ld/], Pg]skf dfcf]jfbLsf ;x O~rfh{ b08kfl0f kf}8]n, g]skf Pdfn]sf /fdk|sfz clwsf/Ln] cjwf/0ffkqn] p7fPsf ljifox?k|lt bnsf] g]t[Tj u+eL/ x'g'kg{] ljrf/ JoQm ug{'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf k|]; o'lgog cWoIf lbg]z yklnof, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf ;efklt s[i0f lu/L, k"j{ ;f+;b ;fljqL af]u6L, dlxnf g]t[ ;Ltf ;fksf]6f, sfx'/fi6sf ;lrj vu/fh s“8]n, dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f d~rsf cWoIf slkn 1jfnL, dfgj clwsf/ ;+u7gsf cWoIf afns[i0f kf}8]n, zflGt ;dfh gjnk/f;L zfvfsf ;efklt /fdxl/ zdf{, k|hftflGqs ljrf/ ;dfhsf ;lrj afnfgfy l;Ub]n, zflGt ;dfhsf k"j{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:oåo lbnaxfb'/ af]u6L / k"0f{gfy l3ld/], k|f=k|sfz clwsf/L / kqsf/ ?s' e§n] ;d]t dGtJo lbg'ePsf] lyof] .

gjnk/f;L M æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆ ljifodf gjnk/f;L lhNnfsf] ab{3f6df 5nkmn sfo{qmd ;+kGg eof] . dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh gjnk/f;L zfvf / OGb|]0fL ;fdflhs d~rsf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf OGb|]0fL ;fdflhs d~rsf] ;efsIfdf ;+kGg sfo{qmddf –zflGt ;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo ;efklt k'?iff]Qd bfxfnn] –clwsf/ ;lxtsf] ;+ljwfg ;do;Ldf leq hf/L geP, /fhgLlts g]t[Tjdfly dflg;x?sf] e/ / lj:jf; 6'6\g]5 eGb} –;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug{' cl3 ;+3Lotf / n8fs' ;dfof]hg÷k'g:yf{kgsf] ljifo 6'+Uofpg' k5{ eGg'eof] . zfvf ;efklt /fdxl/ zdf{sf] ;efkltTjdf ;+kGg ;f] sfo{qmddf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf g]tf s]z/dl0f kf]v|]n, g]skf Pdfn]sf o1k|;fb vgfn, Pg]skf dfcf]jfbLsf v8fgGb sf]O/fnf, dw];L hgclwsf/ kmf]/d nf]stflGqssf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o clgns'df/ uf}0f, tdnf]kfsf lhNnf ;lrj k'/g rf}w/L, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf ;efklt s[i0faxfb'/ sfsL{, k|hftGqjfbL k|fWofks ;+3sf ;b:o bLks lu/L, k|frfo{ lk|td l;+x / ab|L vgfn, u};; dxf;+3sf cWooIf ab|L g]kfn ;lxt s[i0f k/fh'nL, s[i0ffb]jL zdf{, bz/y ltjf/L, /lj kf08], slj uf]ljGb/fh ljgf]bL, k|wfgfWofksx? s[i0f kf}8]n, ljZj/fh ;'j]bL, OGb|]0fL ;fdflhs ljsf; d~rsf cWoIf jfdb]j clwsf/L, lbJoHof]tL SofDk;sf cWoIf lzjnfn sF8]n, /fhgLltsdL{ x}b/ cln df]xDdb, :j0fL{d ;fd'bflos k|lti7fgsf k|]d clwsf/L Pj+ s'nbLk cfrfo{ / ljqmd vgfnn] dGtJo k|s6 ug{'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ?kGb]xL zfvfsf pk;efklt uf]ljGb vgfnn] cjwf/0ffkq k|:t't ug{'ePsf] lyof] eg] s]Gb|Lo ;efklt k'?iff]Qd bfxfnn] rf/j6f d}gjQL k|Hjng u/L sfo{qmd cf/+e ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

o;}u/L gjnk/f;Lsf] u}+8fsf]6df @)^^÷!!÷@@ df cfof]lht sfo{qmd rf/f]6f d}gjQL k|Hjng u/L z'ef/De ub}{ k|d'v jQmfsf ?kdf s]Gb|Lo ;efklt k'?iff]Qd bfxfnn] ;+3Lotfsf] lgSof}{n ug{ / dfcf]jfbL n8fs' ;dfof]hg / k'g:yf{kg ug{ /fhgLlts clj:jf; afws /x]sf] / o;af6 /fhgLlts cGof}n / ;+qmd0f a9\g] vt/f b]lvPsf] x'gfn] /fhgLlts ;xdlt tTsfn ug{ cfu|x ug'{eof] . gjnk/f;L zfvf ;efklt /fdxl/ zdf{sf] ;efkltTj / Zofd;'Gb/ k/fh'nLsf] :jfut dGtJo kZrft u}+8fsf]6l:yt ;'lDgdf art tyf ;xsf/Lsf] ;efsIfdf cfof]lht ;f] sfo{qmddf /]vf kf}8]nn] s]Gb|Lo cjwf/0ffkq k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . s]Gb|Lo dxf;lrj u+ufw/ clwsf/Ln] cjwf/0ffkq / cleofgaf/] hfgsf/L u/fPkl5 jl/i7 ;flxTosf/ uf]ljGb/fh ljgf]bL, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 lrtjgsf cWoIf /d]z s'df/ kf}8]n, 5fqf /df kf}8]n, a'l4hLjL OGb|/fh e§/fO{, bz/y ltjf/L, ljgf]b clwsf/L, OGb|Hof]lt kf}8]n, g]skf Pdfn]sf s[i0f l3ld/], OGb|]0fL ljsf; d~rsf sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs s'nbLk cfrfo{, ;xdltsf cWoIf eLdk|;fb zdf{, g]kfnL sf+u|];sf g]tf ltnsk|;fb ;fksf]6f, zflGt ;dfh lrtjg zfvfsf sfo{jfxs ;efklt /fh]Gb| kf}8]n, /]8\qm; cWoIf s]zj ;fksf]6f cflbn] dGtJo JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

?kGb]xL M dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh ?kGb]xL zfvfsf] cfof]hgfdf @)^^÷!)÷@( ut] j'6jndf æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆ ljifos cGt/;+jfb sfo{qmd ;+kGg eof] . s]Gb|Lo ;efklt k'?iff]Qd bfxfnn] rf/j6f d}gjQL afnL cf/+e ug{'ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj zfvf ;efklt xl/z 9sfnn] ug{'ePsf] lyof] eg] ;lrj ;~hLj s'df/ /fon] :jfut dGtJo lbg'ePsf] lyof] . zfvfsf k"j{ ;efklt dx]Gb| yfkfn] cjwf/0ffkq k|:t't ug{'ePkl5 –zfvfsf k"j{ ;efklt s[i0f k/fh'nL, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf k"j{ pk;efklt lvdfgGb e§/fO{, g]kfn lzIfs ;+3sf cWoIf ;f]dgfy lu/L, g]kfn k|fWofks ;+3sf uf]kfn kf08]o, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf ;lrj 1fg]Gb| lh;Ln] l6Kk0fL ug{'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf –g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{ ?kGb]xLsf cWoIf xl/;'Gb/ jf;L, /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{sf g]tf k'g/fd kf]v|]n, g]skf PsLs[tsf g]tf kz'klt e08f/L, Pdfn] ?kGb]xLsf cWoIf lnnf lu/L, Pg]skfsf g]tf dfwj zdf{ tyf sfFu|];sf g]tf tyf k"j{ ;f+;b ;"o{k|;fb k|wfgn] –;do;Ldf leq ;+ljwfg agfpg] s'/fdf kf6L{ g]t[Tj / ;+ljwfg ;ef u+eL/ x'g'kg{] ljrf/ k|s6 ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

;'v]{t M dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh ;'v]{t zfvfsf ;efklt kfj{tL lu/Lsf] ;efkltTjdf @)^^÷!)÷@^ df æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆ ljifos sfo{qmd ;DkGg eof] . sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly k'g/fj]bg cbfnt ;'v{{]tsf d'Vo GofofwLz ljZjgfy hf]zLn] :jtGq Gofok|0ffnL nf]stGqsf] dd{ ePsf] atfpb} cfwf/e"t clwsf/ ;lxtsf] ;+ljwfg kl/j{tgsf] dfu ePsf] jtfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf zflGt ;dfhsf ;efklt k'?iff]Qd bfxfnn] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fdf –;+3Lotfsf] k|Zg, dfcf]jfbL n8fs' ;dfof]hg / k'g:yf{kgfsf] k|Zg ;lxt /fhgLlts clj:jf; afws eP/ pl7/]sf] rrf{ ug{'eof] . zflGt ;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:otf clkn ;ldltsf ;b:o df]xg lwtfnn] cjwf/0ffkq k|:t't ug{'ePkl5 To;df 6Lsf yfgL, kqsf/ dxf;+3sf pk;efklt efg'eQm v8\sf, hf]/dfof jf7f, zflGt ;dfhsf k"j{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o uf]ljGb sf]O/fnf, Pdg]i6Lsf lji0f' vgfn, k|fWofks kLtfDa/ 9sfn, lzIfs o'lgogsf s]Gb|Lo pkdxf;lrj emsaxfb'/ 8fFuL, ;+rf/sdL{ gf/fo0f sf]O/fnf cflbn] dGtJo k|s6 ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

alb{of M alb{of zfvf ;efklt odgfy l3ld/]sf] ;efkltTjdf alb{ofdf dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfhsf] s]Gb|Lo cleofg cGtu{tsf] sfo{qmd æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆ ;+kGg ul/Psf] 5 . @)^^÷!)÷@% ut] ;+kGg ;f] sfo{qmdsf] rf/j6f d}gjQL k|Hjng u/L cf/+e ub{} zflGt ;dfhsf ;efklt k'?iff]Qd bfxfnn] eGg'eof] –3[0ff / k|ltzf]wsf] /fhgLlt df}nfof] eg] o;n] kl/jt{gsf] cf}lrTo cGTo x'g;Sg]5 . cfhsf] cfj:ostf eg]sf] ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj / /fhLlts ;xdlt g} xf] h;sf] csf{] ljsNk x'g;Sb}g . s]Gb|Lo ;b:otf clkn ;ldlt ;b:o df]xg lwtfnn] cjwf/0ffkq k|:t't u/]kl5 –kqsf/ /fs]z-s[i0fk|;fb_ a:ofn, bLks zdf{, d's'Gb ;'j]bL, g]=lj=;+3 lhNnf cWoIf sdn /]UdL, 6]«8 o'lgog sf+u|];sf s}nfz clwsf/L, lzIfs ;+3 cWoIf 1fg]Gb| /fpt, g]kfn jf/ alb{ofsf cWoIf u0f]zbQ b]jsf]6f, ljBfyL{ g]tf /]ljsf vgfn, blnt pTyfg d~rsf sLlt{axfb'/ ;'gf/, PcfO{ g]kfnsf ;"o{df]xg ;fksf]6f, g]skf ;+o'Qmsf /fd:j?k ofbj, pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 alb{ofsf cWoIf /fh]Gb| sF8]n, g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{ cfgGbLb]jLsf s]Gb|Lo pkdxf;lrj sflzd l;l2sL, g]kfn blnt ;+3sf k|]d lj=s=, Pg]skf dfcf]jfbLsf g]tf ltns zdf{-lxdfn_, g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;b:o hUufk|;fb kf08] / /fwfs[i0f yf? hg;]jf s]Gb|sf cWoIf lbg]zk|;fb >]i7n] /fhgLlts txdf JofKt clj:jf; x6fP/, ;xdlt / ;b\efjsf ;fy cfwf/e"t clwsf/ ;lxtsf] gofF ;+ljwfg lgwf{l/t ;doleq} hf/L x'g'k5{ eGg'eof] .

o;cl3 @)^^ df3 !( ut] dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh jlb{of zfvfåf/f /fhfk'/df cfof]lht sfo{qmddf af]Nb} g]kfnL sf+u|]; alb{of If]q g+ $ sf ;efklt lbksh+u zfxn] Dffgj clwsf/jfbL tyf kqsf/sf] k"0f{ :jtGqtf / ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe'lt x'g] vfnsf] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f x'g'kg]{ atfpg' ePsf] 5 . dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfhn] hf/L u/]sf] cjwf/0ff kq 5nkmn sfo{s|dnfO alb{ofsf] ;Daf]wg ub}{ ;efklt zfxn] /fhgLlts bn / ;/sf/nfO va/bf/L ug{ dxTjk'0f{ e'ldsf v]n]sf kqsf/ tyf dfgj clwsf/sdL{x? al9 :jtGqtf / ;'/Iffdf g} nf]stGq ;'b[9 x'g] pxfFsf] wf/0ff lyof] .

lgwf{l/t ;dodf ;+ljwfg gag] d'n'sdf lbuf] zflGt / cfly{s lasf; ;+ej geOsf] eGb} ;efklt zfxn] ha{h:tL / hf]/h'n'd ug}{ ljBfno aGb ug{ sfd s'g}klg bnn] ug{ gx'g] :ki6 kfg'{eof] . sfo{s|ddf af]Nb} Pg]skf dfcf]jfbLsf k|ltlglw k|jL0f emfn] d'n'sdf ca s'g}klg lg/s'z cltjfb ;+ej gePsf] :ki6 kfg'{eof] . cjwf/0ff kq k|:t't ub}{ dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfhsf lhNnf cWoIf odgfy l3ld/]n] /fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfolar ;befjsf nflu ;+3Lotf ;DaGwL :ki6 vfsfsf] cg'df]bg, tTsfn dfcf]jfbL n8fs'sf] ;dfof]hg, a]ktfx?sf] nflu cfof]u / la:yflktx?sf] 3/lkmtL{ / sAhf hldg lkmtf{ x'g'kg]{ atfpg' eof] .

cd/ zxLb ax'd'vL SofDk;sf cWoIf Pj+ Pdfn] lhNnf ;b:o a}wgfy emfsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{s|ddf lzIfs ;+3sf lhNnf ;b:o ;"o{ l3ld/], cd/ zxLb ax'd'vL SofDk; k|d'v clgn rf}w/L, kqsf/ dxf;+3sf lhNnf ;b:o cf]d zdf{, k|fWofksx? e"ldgGb zdf{, >Lw/ uf}+td, OGb|sfGt emf, ;z:q k|x/L lg/LIfs sflnk|;fb rf}w/L / ljBfyL{ uf]ljGb e§/fO{n] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f eGbf ;Qf k|flKtsf] :jfy{df bnx? Nffluk/]sfn] bnx?nfO{ va/bf/L ug{ cleofgnfO{ ufFp ufpFdf ;~rfng ul/g'kg]{ nufotsf wf/0f /fVgeof] .

o;}u/L @)^^ df3 !& ut] æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfolar ;befj / cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gof“ ;+ljwfgÆ hf/L ug{ bjfa ;lxt dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh alb{ofn] lhNnfdf ax; z"?jft u/]sf] lyof] . zflGt ;dfhn] tof/ kf/]sf] æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gof“ ;+ljwfgÆ ljifodf ;dfhn] aaO{ SofDk; u'nl/ofdf 5nkmn u/]sf] lyof] . cjwf/0ff kqdf l6Kk0fL ub}{ aaO SofDk;sf SofDk; k|d'v lagf]b cu|jfn, kqsf/ dxf;+3sf s]Gb|Lo kfif{b\ /fh]Gb| lwtfn / :jljo' ;efklt lbks 6d6fn] zflGt ;dfhn] hf/L u/]sf] cjwf/0ff kq cToGt} ;sf/fTds / b]znfO ;lx /fhgLlts lgsf; lbg] vfnsf] ePsfn] o;nfO ;Dk'0f{ /fhgLlts bn / cfd gful/sn] cfTd;fy u/L cl3 a9g'kg]{ wf/0ff /fVg'eof] . zflGt ;dfhsf lhNnf ;efklt odgfy l3ld/]sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ;f] sfo{s|ddf ! ;oeGbf al9sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . /fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfolar ;b\efjsf nflu dfcf]jfbL n8fs'sf] ;dfof]hg, j]kQfx?sf] nflu cfof]u / la:yflktz?sf] 3/lkmlt{ / sAhf hldg lkmtf{ x'g'kg]{, ;+3Lotf af/] :ki6 vfsfsf] cg'df]bg nufotsf wf/0ff cjwf/0ff kqdf pNn]v 5g\ .

bfª M

-s_ ndxL M dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh bfª zfvf / ndxL h]l;;sf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆ ljifos sfo{qmd ndxLdf ;+kGg eof] . ndxL h]l;;sf cWoIf ljgf]bs'df/ kf08]sf] ;efkltTjdf ;+kGg ;f] sfo{qmddf zflGt ;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo ;efklt k'?iff]Qd bfxfnn] –;+3Lotfsf] ljifonfO{ hftLo jf If]qLo 3[0ffdf cg'jfb ug{] sfd eO/x]sfk|lt ;hu x'g cfu|x ub{] b]zsf] dd{ / efjgfnfO{ dhj"t u/fpg] ;fdYo{ gofF ;+ljwfgn] b]vfpg'kg{]df hf]8\lbg'eof] . s]Gb|Lo ;b:otf clkn ;ldltsf ;b:o df]xg lwtfnn] cjwf/0fkq k|:t't u/]kl5 –kqsf/ s]kL l3ld/], r'df cfrfo{, bz/y l3ld/], Jofkf/ ;+3 ndxLsf t'N;L/fd e08f/L, 5ljnfn rf}w/L …sf]lknfÚ, lbjfs/ kf]v|]n, ;dfh;]jL Pj+ Pdfn] g]t[ dLgf u'?Ë, n]vs Pj+ g]kfnL sf+u|];sf g]tf d]lbgLs'df/ …s]jnÚ / zflGt ;dfh bfª zfvfsf ;b:o czf]s ofbjn] cjwf/0ffkqdf s]lGb|t /x]/ dGtJo k|s6 ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

-v_ 3f]/fxL M dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfhn] l8;]Da/ @%, @))( b]lv ;+rfng ul//x]sf] æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆ ljifos cleofg cGtu{t bfª 3f]/fxLdf @)^^÷!)÷@$ ut] ;+jfb sfo{qmd ;+kGg eof] . lqe'jggu/ h]l;; / dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfhsf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf ePsf] ;f] sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj h]l;;sf cWoIf lgzfGt cfrfo{n] ug{'ePsf] lyof] . zflGt ;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;'bLk uf}tdn] ;+rfng ug{'ePsf] ;f] sfo{qmddf –;dfhsf bfª ;efklt lgd{n g]kfnLn] :jfut dGtJo lbg'ePsf] lyof] eg], s]Gb|Lo ;b:otf clkn ;ldltsf ;b:o df]xg lwtfnn] cjwf/0ffkq k|:t't ug{'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf s]Gb|Lo ;efklt k'?iff]Qd bfxfnn] –;do;Ldfleq ;+ljwfg aGg g;s] b]zdf /fhgLlts clj:j;gLotfåf/f emg\ ;+s6 a9\g] atfpFb} )^& h]7 !$ leq b]znfO{ ;+ljwfg lbg g;s] ;ef;bx?n] cfkm"n] /fHosf]ifaf6 kfPsf] ;'ljwf 5f8\g'kg{] ljrf/ k|s6 ug{'eof] . cjwf/0ffkqdflw dGtJo k|s6 ug{]x?df g]kfnL sfFu|]; bfªsf cWoIf jL/s]z/L uf}td, Pdfn]sf cWoIf nId0f cfrfo{, g]kfn af/ P;f]lzP;g bfªsf k"j{ cWoIf lji0f'k|;fb lwtfn, sfg"g Joj;foL lgd{n uf}td, x'dfgGb cfrfo{, chLt cfrfo{, u}/;/sf/L ;+3 lhNnf cWoIf ;'dg zdf{, h]l;; pkfWoIf k'ik/fh cfrfo{, ;+hLj >]i7, ofbj lu/L, ;/:jtL ;'j]bL, ls/0f /]UdL, kqsf/ lszf]/rGb| uf}td, k|fWofks lgd{n b]jsf]6f, rGb|/fh kGt, 6]«8 o"lgog g]tf jdaxfb'/ lj=;L= cflbn] zflGt ;dfhsf] cjwf/0ffkqn] w]/]} ljifo ;d]6]sf] atfpFb} ;do;Ldfleq} ;+ljwfg aGg'kg{]df hf]8\lbg'eof] .

-u_ t'n;Lk'/ M æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆ ljifodf dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh bfª zfvfsf] cfof]hgfdf @)^^÷!)÷@# df sfo{qmd ;+kGg eof] . zfvf ;efklt lgd{n g]kfnLsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ;f] sfo{qmddf zfvf pk;efklt t]haxfb'/ s]=;L=n] :jfut ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] s]Gb|Lo ;b:otf clkn ;ldltsf ;b:o df]xg lwtfnn] cjwf/0ffkq k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . rf/f]6f d}gjQL k|Hjng u/L sfo{qmd k|f/De ub}{ zflGt ;dfhsf ;efklt k'?iff]Qd bfxfnn] /fhgLlts c;xdltsf sf/0f b]znfO{ clg0f{osf] aGbL agfpg gx'g] / ;a} ju{ / If]qsf clwsf/x? :yflkt x'g] u/L ;+ljwfg agfpg' h?/L ePsf] t/ ;+ljwfg ;dfwfgeGbf klg ;d:of pAhfpg] vfnsf] gxf];\ eGg] tk{m ;hu x'g'kg]{ ljrf/ JoQm ug'{eof] .

;dfhsf zfvf ;lrj ;'lzn a:g]tn] ;+rfng ug{'ePsf] ;f] sfo{qmddf piff uf}td, u0f]z uGwj{, zflGt ;dfh bfªsf k"j{;efklt l8NnL/fh lwtfn, sDn/L d'lQmsf nflu ;xof]u ;d"xsf cWoIf >dnfn rf}w/L, PcfO g]kfnsf k|df]b Gof}kfg], kqsf/ dxf;+3sf pk]Gb| a:g]t, t'n;Lk'/ k'g/fj]bg jf/sf k"j{cWoIf lji0f'dl0f lwtfn, k|fWofks ;+3 aaO{sf nId0f /]UdLn] cjwf/0ffkqdfly dGtJo JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf /fli6«o hgzlQm kf6L{sf r"0f{axfb'/ cf]nL, g]skf PsLs[tsf d]3/fh e08f/L, dw];L hgclwsf/ kmf]/d nf]stflGqssf lji0f'uf]kfn u'Ktf, g]skf lhNnf sld6L ;b:o lx/frGb| s]=;L=, g]kfnL sf+u|]; lhNnf ;b:o uf]kLgfy of]uL, Pg]skfsf ;Nnfxsf/ nf]sdl0f cfrfo{ / /fli6«o hgdf]rf{sf g]tf e/t e08f/Ln] –;+ljwfg ;doleq hf/L x'g'kg]{ / To; lglDt cg]s yftL /fhgLlts ljifodf ;xdlt x'g'kg]{ ljrf/ k|s6 ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

o;cl3 @)^^÷!)÷@@ ut] laxfg t'n;Lk'/ k|]; Snaåf/f cfof]lht kqsf/ e]63f6 sfo{qmddf s]Gb|Lo ;efklt k'?iff]Qd bfxfnn] /fi6«sf] hl6n /fhgLlts kl/l:yltaf/] ljifb\ rrf{ ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf Snasf ;efklt Pj+ kqsf/ ;'lzn a:g]tsf] ;efkltTjdf ;+kGg ePsf] lyof] .

sfe|] M æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆljifodf @)^^÷!)÷!^ ut] sfe|]sf] ag]kf gu/kflnsf ;efsIfdf sfo{qmd ;+kGg eof] . sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltlysf ?kdf ;+ljwfg;ef ;b:o 8f= gf/fo0f v8\sfn] –;d'bfoaLr 3[0ff km}nfpg] / c;xdlt Nofpg] sfd s;}n] klg ug{' xF'b}g eGb} clwsf/ ljxLg ;+ljwfg sbflk gcfpg] ljrf/ k|s6 ug{'eof] . dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh sfe|] zfvf ;efklt c?0f kf08]sf] ;efkltTjdf ;+kGg sfo{qmddf s]Gb|Lo ;efklt k'?iff]Qd bfxfnn] –Psn] csf{sf] ;Ddfgdf rf]6 k'¥ofpg], /fhgLlts Psflwsf/jfb k|of]u ug{ vf]Hg] sfd x'g'x'b}g eGb} ;Qf / k|ltkIf ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fdf s]Gb|Lt x'g'kg{] ljrf/ k|s6 ug{'eof] . s]Gb|Lo pk–;efklt xf]dsfGt rf}nfufO{n] zflGt ;dfhn] ;+rfng u/]sf] cleofgaf/] hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf] lyof] eg] ;dfhåf/f l8;]Da/ !) df hf/L u/]sf] ;f] cawf/0ff kqnfO{ zflGt ;dfh sfe|]sf ;b:o dw's/ vgfnn] k|:t't ug{'ePsf] lyof] . cjwf/0ffkq dfly g]kfnL sf+u|];sf o'jf g]tf OGb|+dl0f clwsf/L / dw' cfrfo{, Pdfn]sf nDaf]b/ sfo:y, g]kfn af/ P;f]l;P;g sfe|]sf /d]z x'dfufO{, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 –sfe|]sf gf/fo0f ;fksf]6f, jl/i7 ;flxTosf/ df]xg b'jfn, zflGt ;dfhsf ;b:o z/baxfb'/ yfkf tyf g]kfnL sf+u|]; ag]kf gu/ ;ldlt cWoIf /ljg zfSon] l6Kk0fL ug{'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf d}gaQL k|Hjng tyf zxLbk|lt >4f~hnL k|s6 ub{} cf/+e ePsf] lyof] .

wflbª M æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆ ljifos s]Gb|Lo cleofg cGtu{t )^^÷!)÷* ut] wflbªsf] ;b/d'sfddf 5nkmn sfo{qmd ;+kGg eof] . zflGt ;dfh wflbªsf] cfof]hgfdf ;+kGg ;f] sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj zfvf ;efklt d'/f/L clwsf/Ln] ug{'ePsf] lyof] eg] cjwf/0ff kq k|:t'lt s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;Ltf clwsf/Ln] ug{'ePsf] lyof] . ef]haxfb'/ kl/of/sf] :jfutaf6 k|f/+e sfo{qmddf –zflGt ;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo ;efklt k'?iff]Qd bfxfn, s]Gb|Lo dxf;lrj u+ufw/ clwsf/L, k"j{ ;f+;b Pj+ g]kfnL sf+u|]; lhNnf ;efklt /fdgfy clwsf/L, dfcf]jfbL g]tf /fdaxfb'/ e08f/L, Pdfn]sf s'ndfg lj=s=, hgzlQm kf6L{sf gGbk|;fb sfk|L, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf ;efklt ;Ltf/fd jdf{, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ s[i0fk|;fb bfxfn, g]kfn af/ P;f]l;P;g wflbªsf 7fs'/ >]i7, Pdg]i6Lsf lji0f'k|;fb clwsf/L, lzIfs o'lgogsf w'|jk|;fb l/hfn, sfx'/fi6sf s[i0fs'df/ >]i7, ljBfyL{ g]tf bLks sf]O/fnf, dlxnf clwsf/ /Ifs wflbªsf ;lrj u+uf >]i7, u};; wflbªsf pkfWoIf eujtL pk|]tLn] ;do;Ldfleq} ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fdf hf]8\ lbg'ePsf] lyof] .

sf:sL M @)^^÷!)÷( df dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh sf:sLsf] cfof]hgfdf ePsf] æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj Mcfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆ ljifos sfo{qmdsf jQmfx?n] –;do;Ldfleq} ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug{ hf]8\ lbb} ;+ljwfgn] cfhsf ;d:ofx?sf] lgsf; ;sf/fTds ?kn] lbg'kg{] ljrf/ k|s6 u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly sf:sL lhNnf GofofwLz –gLns07 pkfWofo, g]kfnL sfFu|];sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf k"j{ ;f+;b z'qm/fh zdf{, sf:sL k|lhc z+e' sf]O/fnf, dfcf]jfbLsf g]tf ls/0f yfkf, Pdfn]sf bfdf]b/ j}/fuL, /fli6«o hgdf]rf{sf z+s/ a/fn, kqsf/ dxf;+3 sf:sL ;efklt gf/fo0f sfsL{, blnt ;d'bfosf tkm{af6 6]saxfb'/ ljZjsdf{, dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf If]qLo clws[t o1k|;fb clwsf/L, k|fWofks kbdz/0f /]UdLn] – ;doleq ;+ljwfg gag] b]z emg ;+s6 tkm{ ws]lng] ljrf/ k|s6 ug{'ePsf] lyof] . :yfgLo gofF;8s l:yt bLk;fu/ xf]6nsf] ;efsIfdf zfvf ;efklt ;f]daxfb'/ g]kfnLsf] ;efkltTjdf ;+kGg ;f] sfo{qmddf –sfo{qmd ;+of]hs cgGt sf]O/fnfn] cjwf/0ffkq k|:t't ug{'ePsf] lyof] eg] sf:sL zfvfsf pk;efklt sdnf yfkfn] :jfut dGtJo lbg' ePsf] lyof] .

k|d'v cltlyåf/f rf/j6f d}gaQL k|Hhjng u/L k|f/+e ;f] sfo{qmddf s]Gb|Lo dxf;lrj u+ufw/ clwsf/L, s]Gb|Lo zflGt k|lqmof cg'udg ;+of]hs b]jL ltldlN;gf, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;Ltf clwsf/Ln] cleofgaf/] hfgsf/L lbg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf s]Gb|Lo ;efklt k'?iff]Qd bfxfnn] –clk|o ljjfbx?nfO{ nf]stflGqs ljlwåf/f 6'FUofpb} efjgfTds Pstfdf vnn gk'Ug]u/L ;+ljwfg hf/L ug{ cfu|x ub{} cGoyf b]z u+eL/ ;+s6df kg{;Sg] r]tfjgL lbg'ePsf] lyof] .

;f]xL lbg ljxfg–zflGt ;dfh sf:sL zfvfsf] sfof{nodf s]Gb|Lo ;efklt bfxfn, dxf;lrj u+ufw/ clwsf/L, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;Ltf clwsf/L ;d]tsf] pkl:yltdf zfvfsf kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:ox?sf aLr ;dfhsf ultljlwaf/] 5nkmn sfo{ ;+kGg ePsf] lyof] .

g'jfsf]6 M g'jfsf]6sf] ;b/d'sfddf æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆ ljifos 5nkmn sfo{qmd @)^^÷!!÷@) df ;DkGg eof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh g'jfsf]6 zfvf ;efklt /fdk|;fb hf]zLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] :jfut dGtJo ch'{g nfld5fg]n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . s]Gb|n] tof/ kf/]sf] cjwf/0ffkq s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;Ltf clwsf/Ln] k|:t't u/]kl5 kqsf/ w|'j /fjn, g]kfn jf/ P;f]l;Pzg g'jfsf]6sf cWoIf >L/fd kf08], pkk|fWofks zDe'k|;fb zdf{, e/t clwsf/L, ldng vgfn, d~h' ltdlN;gf, kßk|;fb g]kfn, df]xg v8\sf / k|]; o'lgogsf lzj b]jsf]6f, lzIfs ;+3sf cWoIf /fdaxfb'/ yfkfn] l6Kk0fL ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf g]kfnL sf+u|]; g'jfsf]6 ;efklt w'|j clwsf/L, g]skf Pdfcf]jfbLsf df]bk|;fb l/hfn, g]skf Pdfn]sf dfwj l/hfn / g]sf+sf lji0f' cfrfo{n] ;doleq} ;+ljwfg aGg g;s] /fhgLlts clgZro a9\g ;Sg] cf}+Nofpb} ;dod} ;xdlt sfod u/L ;+ljwfg agfpg' kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8\ lbg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf hg:jf:Yosf xf]dk|;fb vltj8f / g'jfsf]6sf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L uf]ljGbdl0f e't]{nn] klg af]Ng' ePsf] lyof] . jQmfx?n] ;dodf g} ;+ljwfg aGg' kg]{df hf]8\ lbPsf lyP .

sfo{qmddf s]Gb|Lo ;efklt k'?iff]Qd bfxfnn] ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfg gag] /fhgLlts c:yL/tf a9\g] / ;+ljwfg ;dodfg} agfpg, ;+3Lotf / dfcf]jfbL n8fs' ;dfof]hg;DaGwL d'2fsf] l5gf]kmfgf] ;xdltaf6g} x'g'kg]{ ljrf/ JoQm ug'{eof] .

sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly g]kfn d]l8sn P;f]l;Pzgsf cWoIf 8f=s]bf/g/l;+x s]=;L=n] :jf:YosdL{, ;~rf/sdL{ c;'/lIft x'Fb} uPsf], zflGt Joj:yfsf] k|Zg cx+ x'Fb} uPsf] cj:yfdf /fhgLlts clj:jf; tLj| x'g'n] hgtfsf] e/f];f 6'6\g ;Sg] vt/f a9]sf] ljrf/ JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

o;}u/L @)^^ kf}if !& ut] æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆ ljifos cjwf/0ff kqdfly g'jfsf]6sf] /0fe'jg]Zj/L SofDk; b]jL3f6df 5nkmn sfo{qmd ;DkGg eof] . sfo{qmddf clwjQmf /3'gfy v/fnn] l6Kk0fL ug'{eof] . cjwf/0ff kqn] g]kfnsf] jt{dfg ;Gbe{df ;xL d'2f p7fPsf] eGb} ljrf/ k|s6 ug'{x'g]x?df lji0f'k|;fb g]kfn, /d]z nfld5fg], s[i0fk|;fb cof{n, u|];L ltdlN;gf / k'ik/fh clwsf/L x'g'x'GYof] . sfo{qmd zfvf ;efklt /fdk|;fb hf]zLsf] ;efkltTjdf ;+kGg ePsf] lyof] .

kfNkf M æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gofF ;+ljwfgÆ ljifodf @)^^ kf}if @% ut] kfNkfsf] tfg;]gdf sfo{qmd ;DkGg eof] . Go" xf]/fOhg pRr dfWolds ljBfnodf ;DkGg ;f] sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj zflGt ;dfh kfNkf zfvf ;efklt k'is//fh /]UdLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] cjwf/0ff kqsf] k|:t'lt pk;efklt bLks 1jfnL, :jfut dGtJo ;x;lrj s[i0faxfb'/ /fjn, wGojfb sf]iffWoIf /fdk|sfz k+u]gL / ;~rfng ;lrj rGb|sfGt Gof}kfg]n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ljleGg ;+:yf tyf /fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlglwx?n] 7"nf bnx?aLr Pstf / ;xsfo{sf ;fy ;do;Ldfleq} cfwf/e"t clwsf/ ;lxtsf] ;+ljwfg hf/L ug'{kg]{df hf]8\ lbg'ePsf] lyof] . ;fy} ;d'bfoaLr ;b\efjsf nflu ;a} ;lqmo x'g'kg]{df klg ;a}sf] ;dfg /fo /x]sf] lyof] . o;/L ljrf/ k|s6 ug]{x?df g]kfnL sf+u|];sf s[i0fk|;fb clwsf/L, /fk|kfsf lji0f' dn]s' tyf cGo ;fdflhs ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx? dLgaxfb'/ s]=;L=, /fh]z cof{n, lgd{n >]i7, sdnf b]jsf]6f, u+uf kf}8]n, /fh]Zj/ pbo, lrlgofnfn ah|frfo{ / rsf]/dfg zfSo x'g'x'GYof] .

kj{t M dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh kj{t zfvfsf] cfof]hgfdf @)^^÷(÷@) ut] s'Zdfdf ePsf] æ/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLrsf] ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gof“ ;+ljwfgÆ ljifos ljrf/ uf]i7Ldf af]Nb} ;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo dxf;lrj u+ufw/ clwsf/L …lrGtgÚn]] d'n'sdf clxn] jfdkGyL pu|jfb / blIf0fkGyL cltjfbsf sf/0f nf]stGq ;+:yfut x'g g;s]sf] / zflGt k|lqmof aLrd} cndndf k/]sf] pNn]v ub{} k"j{ /fhfjfbLx?, g]kfnL sf+u|];, Pdfn] leqsf cltjfbLx? / dfcf]jfbL leqsf pu|jfbLx? ;dodf ;+ljwfg aGg glbg] if8\oGqdf nfu]sf] sf/0f lgwf{l/t ;dodf ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f x'g g;Sg] vt/f a9]/ uPsf] atfpg' eof] .

sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly lhNnf GofofwLz /d]z s'df/ vqLn] ljlwsf] zf;gnfO{ kfngf ug{ ;s]df w]/} ;d:ofx? ToxLaf6 ;dfwfg x'g] atfpg'eof] . To;}u/L /fhgLlts kf6L{sf] tkm{af6 g]skf Pdfn]sf pk;lrj d]3gfy ;'j]bL / /fk|kfsf kf6L{ ;lrj O{Zj/ lu/Ln] bnx?n] JolQmut ljdltnfO{ 5f8]/ ;xdltsf nflu tof/ ePdf zflGt k|lqmof ;xh 9+un] cufl8 a9\g] s'/fdf hf]8\ lbg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdf dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfhsf k"j{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o gf/fo0fbQ s“8]nn] lj:t[t zflGt ;+emf}tf kZrft g]kfnL /fhgLlt o'4tkm{ cufl8 al9/x]sf] pNn]v ub{} s]xL bnx? hftLotfnfO{ prfn]/ d'n'sdf ;fDk|bflos / hftLo o'4 u/fpg p2t /x]s]f cf/f]k nufpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf sf=d'= k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L t'n;L/fd kf}8]n, dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;/:jtL zdf{ …lh1fif'Ú, lgldQ :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L t'n;L/fd zdf{, g]kfn lzIfs ;+3sf /fli6«o pkfWoIf a;Gtaxfb'/ l;s], gful/s ;~hfn kj{tsf ;+of]hs uf]ljGb kxf8L, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 kj{tsf cWoIf cf]dk|;fb 3fon, nfoG; Sna ckm lzjfnosf cWoIf n]vgfy pkfWofo, u};; dxf;+3sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o 7fs'/ la= kf}8]nn] af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] .

dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh kj{tsf ;efklt uf]ljGb k|;fb kf]v/]nsf] ;efkltTjdf ePsf] pQm sfo{qmddf zflGt ;dfhsf] cjwf/0ff kq k"j{ cWoIf ;fu/k|;fb pkfWofon] k|:t't ug{'ePsf] lyof] eg] ;f] cjwf/0f kqdfly l6Kk0fL clwjQmf ljZjk|sfz k|;fO{n] ug{'ePsf] lyof] . ;f] sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng ;dfhsf ;lrj lzj zdf{ kf}8]nn] ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

jfUn'ª M tf]lsPsf] ;do;Ldfleq ;+ljwfg gag]df d'n's yk ;+s6df hfg] ePsf]n] bnx?n] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|ls|ofnfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fVgsf nflu jfUn'ªdf cfof]lht sfo{s|dsf jQmfx?n] hf]8\ lbPsf 5g\ .

sfo{s|ddf af]Ng] /fhg}lts bnx? lhNnf:t/Lo g]tfx?n] /fhg}lts g]t[Tjsf s]xL sdhf]/Ln] c;xdlt a9\b} uPsf] atfPsf lyP . ;f] sfo{s|ddf bnsf g]tfx?n] …/fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;d'bfoaLrsf] ;b\efj M cfwf/e"t clwsf/;lxt ;do;Ldfleq gof“ ;+ljwfgÚ eGg] gf/fsf ;fy zflGTf ;dfhn] tf]lsPsf] ;dodf ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug{ bjfa lbg] p2]Zon] ;~Rffng u/]sf] cleofg cGtu{t kf}if !( ut] jfUn'ªdf cfof]lht sfo{s|dsf jQmfx?n] ;do ;fGb{les ePsf] eGb}} k|z+;f u/]sf lyP .

sfo{s|ddf af]Nb} dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo dxf;lrj u+ufw/ clwsf/L …lrGtgÚn] ;d'bfo / bnx?aLr a9\bf] b"/Ln] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|ls|of cf]em]ndf k/]sf]df lrGtf k|s6 ug'{eof] .

;f] sfo{s|ddf dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] tof/ u/]sf] cjwf/0ff kq jfUn'ª zfvfsf ;efklt lbnLk kf}8]nn] k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;f] cjwf/0ff kqdfly l6Kk0fL ub}{ jl/i7 clwjQmf kBgfy zdf{n] gof“ ;+ljwfg tf]lsPsf] ;dodf aGg'kg]{ / ;+ljwfgdf cfwf/e"t clwsf/ ;'lglZrt x'g'kg]{df hf]8\ lbg'ePsf] lyof] .

sfo{s|ddf af]Ng] /fhg}lts bnsf g]tfx?n] bnx?aLr s]xL c;xdlt ePklg cf–cfˆgf] bDen] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|ls|ofdf l9nfO{ ePsf]n] ;j} lhDd]jf/ eP/ cufl8 a9\g] k|ltj4tf hgfPsf lyP .

;f] sfo{s|ddf PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf g]tf clgn, g]kfnL sf+u|]; jfUn'ªsf ;x;lrj hubLzrGb| pkfWofo, g]skf Pdfn]sf cWoIf hgs kf}8]n, /fli6«o hgdf]rf{sf ;lrjfno ;b:o eLd;]g agn] dGTfJo /fVg'ePsf] lyof] . ;f] cj;/df k|d'v lhNNff clwsf/L e/t kf}8]n, dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh jfUn'ªsf ;+:yfks ;efklt Pj+ k"j{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o gf/fo0fbQ sF8]n, lzIfs o'lgogsf cWoIf huGgfy cfrfo{, jsfnt d~r wf}nflu/Lsf ;+of]hs /fd zdf{, kqsf/ dxf;+3sf ;lrj d's]zrGb| /fhe08f/L, jfUn'ª pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf a;Gt s'df/ >]i7, dlxnf dfgj clwsf/ /Ifssf] ;~hfn jfUn'ªsf cWoIf 1fg s'df/L 5GTofn, blnt pTkLl8t ;d'bfosf] ;Ghfnsf ofd axfb'/ rdf{sf/ nufotn] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg bnx?nfO{ cfu|x ug'{ePsf] lyof] . zflGt ;dfh jfUn'ª zfvfsf pk;efklt ljsf; kf}8]nn] ;Grfng u/]sf] ;f] sfo{s|d zfvf ;b:o ;+lutf zdf{ kf}8]nsf] :jfut dGtJoaf6 k|f/De ePsf] lyof] .

gf]6 M zflGt ;dfhsf ljleGg lhNnf zfvfx?af6 cleofg ;~rfng eO/x]sf] 5 .